Thursday, September 25, 2014
LAD #7: Washington's Farewell Address
In his farewell address, Washington thanked the American people but also cautioned them about their duty to maintain the union and control the factions. He encouraged the various parts of the U.S. (North, South, Frontier) to keep a close knit bond. It is important that America be a diverse people that share common goals. In addition, he also encouraged a sort of checks and balances. He wanted the various factions present to be checked as much as possible. On top of that, even though they will never be removed, he wanted to limit their power as much as possible so that the good of all remains intact. Finally, he stated that in order to preserve the Union, the political parties would have to resist doing anything out of spite or revenge. He believed that the spread of knowlege and morality would help combat the corruption of politicians.
Wednesday, September 24, 2014
LAD #6: Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality
The Proclamation of Neutrality was created April 22, 1793 by George Washington. It stated that the United States was going to be neutral in the conflicts and wars of other nations, especially France and Great Britian. Any citizen who was caught violating this neutrality by helping another nation would be in trouble with the law.
Tuesday, September 23, 2014
LAD#5: Federalist#10
1. Why are factions so difficult to eliminate?
Factions are difficult to eliminate because of liberty. Since factions unite people with common interests and passions, destroying them is difficult. In order to eliminate a faction, everyone must have the same opinion meaning liberty must be destroyed. The destruction of liberty goes against the foundations of the United States making the elimination of factions very difficult.
2. If factions cannot be removed then how can they be controlled?
Factions can be controlled either by removing its causes or controlling its effects. Causes can be removed by the destruction of liberty or by making everyone have the same opinion. If everyone has the same opinion, factions are no longer needed. The other way is to control the effects. This can be done if the majority takes a regular vote. This will preserve the passions and interests of this majority by overcoming the faction.
Factions are difficult to eliminate because of liberty. Since factions unite people with common interests and passions, destroying them is difficult. In order to eliminate a faction, everyone must have the same opinion meaning liberty must be destroyed. The destruction of liberty goes against the foundations of the United States making the elimination of factions very difficult.
2. If factions cannot be removed then how can they be controlled?
Factions can be controlled either by removing its causes or controlling its effects. Causes can be removed by the destruction of liberty or by making everyone have the same opinion. If everyone has the same opinion, factions are no longer needed. The other way is to control the effects. This can be done if the majority takes a regular vote. This will preserve the passions and interests of this majority by overcoming the faction.
Monday, September 22, 2014
Republican Motherhood Blog
1. What role did the Revolutionary War play in the transformation of housewifery to Republican Motherhood?
As a result of the Revolutionary War, the men of the house left to fight. This was key to the transformation of women. They were required to raise the youth and teach them. In order to this, it was important that women were educated. It was mentioned in documents 1 and 2 that women were to teach their sons about liberty and government. Also, in the third and fourth documents it mentions how the havoc and suffering caused by the war can be lessened if women take a role. All of these examples of women gaining more influence and responsibility in society show the increase of Republican Motherhood.
2. What were the consequences of Republican Motherhood on women?
Republican Motherhood increased the responsibilities and roles of women but they were still only granted these responsibilities in the home. In the first document, it mentions how women were not to "mingle in any great public movements." In other documents, such as document two, it states that women should be educated and be able to write and keep books. Republican Motherhood meant women were educated and could indirectly influence society by teaching the young but did not let that education allow them to directly be involved in government.
3. What is the significance of the ideology of Republican Motherhood as a stage in the process of women's socialization?
Republican Motherhood allowed women to feel important and that their work was necessary. It gave them a sense of pride and even an education. The third document informs women that "the reformation of a world is in your power." Republican Motherhood gave women new responsibility and the ability to influence society, even if that influence was indirectly made through their sons.
1. Description.
Mary is sitting on a couch with her two young children. They seem to be wealthy and important based on their clothes.
2. Who serves at the center of the portrait and why? How does the woman look? How is she "republican" rather than aristocratic?
The woman is in the center, indicating her importance in the family and her influence on the children. She looks very well put together and important. She is well dressed but it can be seen that she is republican not aristocratic because despite her nice clothes, she is not dressed as fancy as an aristocrat would have been.
3. What values do her sons exhibit?
Her sons look happy and healthy. They are being well behaved for the portrait as well. All of these things show that they have been raised very well.
4. Is there a significance to the position of Mrs. Tilghman's arm?
Her arm is in her son's lap. This shows her role in raising her children and teaching her sons important morals and values in addition to things like liberty and government. Women controlled little during this time but they saw their responsibilities in teaching their kids as important. This portrait represents the feelings and beliefs of Republican Motherhood.
As a result of the Revolutionary War, the men of the house left to fight. This was key to the transformation of women. They were required to raise the youth and teach them. In order to this, it was important that women were educated. It was mentioned in documents 1 and 2 that women were to teach their sons about liberty and government. Also, in the third and fourth documents it mentions how the havoc and suffering caused by the war can be lessened if women take a role. All of these examples of women gaining more influence and responsibility in society show the increase of Republican Motherhood.
2. What were the consequences of Republican Motherhood on women?
Republican Motherhood increased the responsibilities and roles of women but they were still only granted these responsibilities in the home. In the first document, it mentions how women were not to "mingle in any great public movements." In other documents, such as document two, it states that women should be educated and be able to write and keep books. Republican Motherhood meant women were educated and could indirectly influence society by teaching the young but did not let that education allow them to directly be involved in government.
3. What is the significance of the ideology of Republican Motherhood as a stage in the process of women's socialization?
Republican Motherhood allowed women to feel important and that their work was necessary. It gave them a sense of pride and even an education. The third document informs women that "the reformation of a world is in your power." Republican Motherhood gave women new responsibility and the ability to influence society, even if that influence was indirectly made through their sons.
1. Description.
Mary is sitting on a couch with her two young children. They seem to be wealthy and important based on their clothes.
2. Who serves at the center of the portrait and why? How does the woman look? How is she "republican" rather than aristocratic?
The woman is in the center, indicating her importance in the family and her influence on the children. She looks very well put together and important. She is well dressed but it can be seen that she is republican not aristocratic because despite her nice clothes, she is not dressed as fancy as an aristocrat would have been.
3. What values do her sons exhibit?
Her sons look happy and healthy. They are being well behaved for the portrait as well. All of these things show that they have been raised very well.
4. Is there a significance to the position of Mrs. Tilghman's arm?
Her arm is in her son's lap. This shows her role in raising her children and teaching her sons important morals and values in addition to things like liberty and government. Women controlled little during this time but they saw their responsibilities in teaching their kids as important. This portrait represents the feelings and beliefs of Republican Motherhood.
Tuesday, September 16, 2014
Blog #4: Revolution Article
Five Things I Learned
1. Franklin and Washington worked to build up their reputations. They realized they could manipulate the way they were remembered. They made sure to make themselves look like heroes in memoirs and Washington even treated his former aide-de-camp exceptionally well in hopes that he would write a biography that made him up to be incredible. I knew that the Founding Fathers wanted good reputations but I never knew that Washington and Franklin went to great lengths to make sure they were remembered as heroes.
2. There is less emphasis placed upon the brutality of the War of Independence because it was sandwiched between the American Revolution and the Constitutional Convention. Paintings and speeches often didn't stress how much suffering occurred like they did during the Civil War. This causes people to believe that the War of Independence was not nearly as bad as the Civil War.
3. The victors in battle took the clothes and supplies of the losers. The Americans were so lacking in supplies many didn't have clothes so when a battle was won they took the clothes of the British and left them to freeze in the harsh weather.This helped the Americans survive the cold and the British did the same when they won a battle.
4. The civilians were greatly hurt by the war. Towns were invaded and destroyed, disease from the battlefields came into the towns and people got sick and died, and costal raids left warehouses and shipyards wrecked. In addition, Indian attacks happened and individual homes were raided and destroyed.
5. The Loyalists faced extreme suffering in the hands of the rebels. After the war, more than 100,000 Loyalists were exiled. When Loyalists were captured during the war such as at King's Mountain and Hillsborough, they were led into captivity and often murdered.
Monday, September 15, 2014
LAD #3: Declaration of Independence
1. The very beginning of the Declaration of Independence discusses the democratic principles that America will hold after achieving independence. It mentions natural rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. These rights are held by all people and can't be taken away. The Declaration of Independence also explains that if the people's natural rights are violated, the people must take action to replace the government.
2. The colonists had many grievances with King George III. These grievances included infringing upon the rights of the colonists, taxing unfairly, the denial of free trade, the lack of a fair justice system, a lack of protection on the colonial borders, and the creation of laws without consulting the colonists. All of these actions were used by the colonists to support their claim that Britain was hurting their way of life in America.
3. The colonists conclude that they are now joined together as the United States of America and are free and independent from Britain. They also now have the power that comes with independence, such as regulating their own trade and going to war. The colonies are now separated from Britain and the representatives of the colonies pledge their lives, fortunes, and honor to the Declaration of Independence.
2. The colonists had many grievances with King George III. These grievances included infringing upon the rights of the colonists, taxing unfairly, the denial of free trade, the lack of a fair justice system, a lack of protection on the colonial borders, and the creation of laws without consulting the colonists. All of these actions were used by the colonists to support their claim that Britain was hurting their way of life in America.
3. The colonists conclude that they are now joined together as the United States of America and are free and independent from Britain. They also now have the power that comes with independence, such as regulating their own trade and going to war. The colonies are now separated from Britain and the representatives of the colonies pledge their lives, fortunes, and honor to the Declaration of Independence.
Sunday, September 7, 2014
LAD #2: John Peter Zenger
1. Who was John Peter Zenger?
John Peter Zenger was the editor and the printer for the New York Weekly Journal in America. He was a German immigrant and he attacked the New York Governor William Crosby for being corrupt. He disagreed with the Governor's actions including removal of the Chief Court Justice Lewis Morris and the prosecution of the Interim Governor Rip Van Dam. He was arrested for Seditious Libel because Crosby was angered.
2. What was the controversy over his charges? Talk about Hamilton's defense.
People thought the charge was unfair because Zenger was charged as being libelous, but they argued that he was stating the truth and therefore the charge was inaccurate. Hamilton emphasized this point in defending Zenger and directly targeted the jury, which ultimately led to Zenger being regarded as non-guilty.
3. What influence did his case have on American governmental tradition?
It marked the time where the outcomes of libel cases were changed. It solidified that if a statement is true then it is not libelous. It also was a major step for the importance of freedom of speech in America.
4. What is the lasting significance of his trial? Explain.
The significance of the trial was the fact that newspapers were now allowed to criticize as long as the statements were truthful and they could not be charged. It also gave a new way to handle libel cases and advanced the freedom of speech.
journalism.arizona.edu
John Peter Zenger was the editor and the printer for the New York Weekly Journal in America. He was a German immigrant and he attacked the New York Governor William Crosby for being corrupt. He disagreed with the Governor's actions including removal of the Chief Court Justice Lewis Morris and the prosecution of the Interim Governor Rip Van Dam. He was arrested for Seditious Libel because Crosby was angered.
2. What was the controversy over his charges? Talk about Hamilton's defense.
People thought the charge was unfair because Zenger was charged as being libelous, but they argued that he was stating the truth and therefore the charge was inaccurate. Hamilton emphasized this point in defending Zenger and directly targeted the jury, which ultimately led to Zenger being regarded as non-guilty.
3. What influence did his case have on American governmental tradition?
It marked the time where the outcomes of libel cases were changed. It solidified that if a statement is true then it is not libelous. It also was a major step for the importance of freedom of speech in America.
4. What is the lasting significance of his trial? Explain.
The significance of the trial was the fact that newspapers were now allowed to criticize as long as the statements were truthful and they could not be charged. It also gave a new way to handle libel cases and advanced the freedom of speech.
journalism.arizona.edu
Saturday, September 6, 2014
LAD #1: Mayflower Compact & Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
1) What concepts are included in the Mayflower Compact?
One major concept was the establishment of a form of government. Other concepts include the continued loyalty to the King as well as to Christianity. The Mayflower Compact also included the enforcement of laws and acts for the people.
2) How does the Mayflower Compact reflect an attachment to both the "Old" and "New" worlds?
It is evident that the Mayflower Compact reflects the "Old" world in its clear loyalty to the King and Christianity as well as the incorporation of government ideals that are aspects of British law. However, it also reflects attachment to the "New" world in the sense that there are beginnings of democracy and mentions of having a local government ruling for the people.
3) How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut differ from the Mayflower Compact?
They were alike because they both set up governments in the "New" world. However, the Mayflower Compact was very general and almost just served as a basic idea on how the "New" world government would eventually be run. The Fundamental Orders went into very specific detail and included actual laws and the ways to run elections and court trials. The Fundamental Orders clearly stated how the colonial government would run while the Mayflower Compact had a general approach.
4) What prompted the colonists of Connecticut to take this approach to government, i.e.: use of a written Constitution?
The colonists needed a way to unify the towns in the colony and efficiently run them. This required a specific government and set of laws to be set up, which was done through the Constitution. The colonists also liked the idea of having the power in their own hands to run their colony instead of solely relying on the government of Great Britain which was an ocean away (and part of the reason they left in the first place).
5) In what significant way(s) does the Fundamental Orders reflect a fear of and safeguard against the usurping of power by one person or a chosen few?
The Fundamental Orders have several aspects that clearly show the colonists preference to avoid a situation where one person gets all the control (like in Great Britain). This can be seen with the democratic ideals that were weaved in. The Fundamental Orders made it so that more people voted and had a say in government. Also, there were two General Assemblies which provided a sort of checks and balances aspect to their new government so no one got complete control. Lastly, they created limits on the amount of time people could be in power so as to avoid someone becoming an all-powerful ruler for life. The fact that all of this was included in the Fundamental Orders shows the colonists's distaste for the government in Great Britain and their desire for a government run their way.
The Mayflower Compact Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
ncmayflower.org threebrotherswhiskey.com
One major concept was the establishment of a form of government. Other concepts include the continued loyalty to the King as well as to Christianity. The Mayflower Compact also included the enforcement of laws and acts for the people.
2) How does the Mayflower Compact reflect an attachment to both the "Old" and "New" worlds?
It is evident that the Mayflower Compact reflects the "Old" world in its clear loyalty to the King and Christianity as well as the incorporation of government ideals that are aspects of British law. However, it also reflects attachment to the "New" world in the sense that there are beginnings of democracy and mentions of having a local government ruling for the people.
3) How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut differ from the Mayflower Compact?
They were alike because they both set up governments in the "New" world. However, the Mayflower Compact was very general and almost just served as a basic idea on how the "New" world government would eventually be run. The Fundamental Orders went into very specific detail and included actual laws and the ways to run elections and court trials. The Fundamental Orders clearly stated how the colonial government would run while the Mayflower Compact had a general approach.
4) What prompted the colonists of Connecticut to take this approach to government, i.e.: use of a written Constitution?
The colonists needed a way to unify the towns in the colony and efficiently run them. This required a specific government and set of laws to be set up, which was done through the Constitution. The colonists also liked the idea of having the power in their own hands to run their colony instead of solely relying on the government of Great Britain which was an ocean away (and part of the reason they left in the first place).
5) In what significant way(s) does the Fundamental Orders reflect a fear of and safeguard against the usurping of power by one person or a chosen few?
The Fundamental Orders have several aspects that clearly show the colonists preference to avoid a situation where one person gets all the control (like in Great Britain). This can be seen with the democratic ideals that were weaved in. The Fundamental Orders made it so that more people voted and had a say in government. Also, there were two General Assemblies which provided a sort of checks and balances aspect to their new government so no one got complete control. Lastly, they created limits on the amount of time people could be in power so as to avoid someone becoming an all-powerful ruler for life. The fact that all of this was included in the Fundamental Orders shows the colonists's distaste for the government in Great Britain and their desire for a government run their way.
ncmayflower.org threebrotherswhiskey.com
Thursday, September 4, 2014
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